JOHN F. KENNEDY

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         John Fitzgerald Kennedy became the 35th President of the United States. The youngest ever elected to the presidency and the first of the Roman Catholic faith, John F. Kennedy won the election of November 1960, but later, he received the sup­port of most Americans. They admired his personality, his live­ly family, his intelligence, and his tireless energy, and they respected his courage in time of decision.

         During his relatively brief term of office, less than three years, President Kennedy dealt with severe challenges in Cuba, Berlin, and elsewhere. A nuclear test ban treaty in 1963 brought about a relaxation in cold war tensions.

        Assassins’ bullets cut short Kennedy’s term as president. On November 22, 1963, the young president was shot to death while riding in a motorcade in Dallas, Texas.

        Kennedy’s forebears were the Irish who immigrated to Boston. John was born on May 29, 1917, in Brookline, the se­cond of nine children. John had a happy childhood, full of games and sports. He attended private schools. In the fall of 1936 he enrolled at Harvard University.

        Kennedy graduated from Harvard in June 1940. He then spent some months studying at Stanford University.

       In September of 1941 he volunteered for the Army and he was accepted by the Navy. He received the Purple Heart and the Navy and Marine Corps Medal he was discharged early in 1945.

      His political career started in April 1952, when Kennedy announced his candidacy for the Senate against the Republi­cans and won the campaign.

       In 1958, Kennedy was reelected to the Senate. This firmly established him as a leading contended for the presidential nomination. In January I960, he formally announced his can­didacy.

       Kennedy was inaugurated as president on January 20, 1961. Shortly after his inauguration, Kennedy permitted a band of Cuban exiles, already armed and trained, to invade their homeland. The attempt to overthrow the regime of Fidel Castro was a failure. Soon thereafter, the Soviet Union re­newed its campaign against West Berlin. Kennedy replied by reinforcing the Berlin garrison and increasing the Nation’s military strength.

       Then the Cuban Crisis followed. On October 16, 1962, the president was shown aerial photographs of Soviet missile bases under construction in Cuba. From these bases a nuclear mis­siles could be launched on much of the United States and the Western Hemisphere.

         In November 1963, President Kennedy journeyed to Te­xas. In Dallas on November 22, he and his wife were in the open car passing through the streets. Suddenly, at 12:30 in the afternoon, an assassin fired several shots, striking the president twice, in the base of the neck and the head. The pre­sident was rushed to the hospital, where he was pronounced dead a half an hour later.

         On the day of the assassination, the police arrested Lee Har­vey Oswald, a 24-year-old ex-Marine, for the president’s mur­der. Oswald was fatally shot by Jack Ruby, a nightclub owner.

          In 1979, however, the House assassinations committee, after approximately two years of investigation, concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald probably was part of a conspiracy that also may have included members of organized crime.

         John Fitzgerald Kennedy was a fighter by nature and he died as the soldier of his Motherland.

 

 

 

QUESTIONS:

  1. Was John Fitzgerald Kennedy the first President of the Roman Catholic faith?
  2. When did he become the 35th President of the United States?
  3. Did the Americans admire him?
  4. Where was the young president shot to death?
  5. When was the young president shot to death?
  6. Who were Kennedy’s forebears?
  7. When did his political career start?
  8. Did John Fitzgerald Kennedy announce his candidacy for the Senate for the Republicans?
  9. When was Kennedy inaugurated as president?
  10. What happened on October 16,1962?
  11. Who was the president’s murderer?
  12. What happened to Lee Harvey Oswald after his arrest?

 

 

VOCABULARY:

the Roman Catholic faith — римско-католическая вера

support — поддержка

to admire — восторгаться, восхищаться

intelligence — интеллект, ум; сообразительность, про­зорливость

tireless — неутомимый; неустанный

courage — бесстрашие, мужество, смелость, храбрость

brief — короткий, недолгий; ограниченный,

to deal (past dealt, p.p. dealt) — иметь дело; решать зада­чу; принимать меры, бороться

severe — трудный, тяжелый; труднопреодолимый

challenge — перен. сложная задача, проблема

assassin — убийца, террорист, наемный убийца, убий­ца-фанатик

bullet — пуля

to shoot (past shot, p.p. shot) to death — застрелить

motor cade — кортеж автомобилей

forebear — прародитель, предок; предшественник

to attend — уделять внимание, заботиться

fall — амер. осень

the Purple Heart —  награда Пурпурное Сердце

Marine Corps — Корпус Морской Пехоты

to discharge — увольнение; демобилизация

to announce — объявлять; заявлять; извещать

campaign — кампания, операция

contender — противник, соперник, конкурент; кандидат

to inaugurate — торжественно вводить в должность; от­крывать

to permit — позволять, разрешать, давать разрешение

exile — изгнанник; ссыльный; эмигрант

to invade — вторгаться; захватывать, оккупировать

to overthrow (past overthrew, p.p. overthrown) — свер­гать; побеждать; низвергать, уничтожать

failure — неудавшееся дело, неудача, провал

to reply — отвечать, отзываться

reinforcing — усиливающий, упрочивающий

missile — реактивный снаряд; ракета

to launch — запускать

the Western Hemisphere — Западное полушарие

to strike (past stroke, p.p. striken) — ударять(ся), нано­сить удар, бить

to rush — прям, перен.бросаться, мчаться, нестись, устрем­ляться

to pronounce — объявлять; заявлять

murder — убийство

investigation — расследование, следствие

to conclude — сделать вывод, подвести итог; принять решение

 

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