DEVELOPING OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS

         I would like to tell you about telecommunications and their developing.

         We can not deny the role of telecommunications in our life. The Internet, phones, telegraph, cell phones, radio, television are all the means of communication or telecommunication. Nowadays we live in information era, when information is the key and engine of progress. Our society needs perfect means of information exchange that is why all types of telecommuni­cation are under the permanent developing.

          Currently hundreds of millions of people use wireless com­munication means. Cell phone is no longer a symbol of pres­tige but a tool, which lets to use working time more effective­ly. Considering that the main service of a mobile connection operator is providing high quality connection, much attention in the telecommunication market is paid to the spectrum of services that cell network subscriber may receive. Today we can easily connect to the Internet using our cell phone or to take a picture or to take a short movie, using our video cell phone.

          Late in the nineteenth century, communication facilities were augmented by a new invention — telephone. In the USA its use expanded slowly and by 1900 the American Telephoneand Telegraph Company controlled 855, ОООtelephones. After 1900, telephone installations extended much more rapidly in all the wealthier countries. The number of telephones in use in the world grew at almost 100 per cent per decade. But long­ distance telephone services gradually developed and began to compete with telegraphic business. A greater contribution to long-range communication came with the development of wire­less technology. Before the outbreak of the First World War wireless telegraphy was established as a means of regular com­munication with ships at sea and provided a valuable supple­ment to existing telegraph lines. In the next few years the tele­phone systems of all the chief countries were connected with each other by radio. Far more immediate was the influence that radio had through broadcasting and by television, which fol­lowed it at an interval of about twenty-five years.

         Telephones are as much a part of infrastructure of our so­ciety as roads or electricity, and competition will make them cheaper. Losses from lower prices will be countered by higher usage. Most important of all, by cutting out the need to install costly cables and microwave transmitters, the new telephones could be a boon to the remote and poor regions of the earth. Even today, half the world’s population lives more than two hours away from a telephone.

        Satellite phones are not going to deliver all their benefits at once.     

         Lots of other new communication services — on-line film libraries, personal computers that can send video-clips and sound-bites as easily as they can be used for writing letters, terrestrial mobile-telephone systems cheap enough to replace old sets — are already technically possible.

QUESTIONS:

1. What means of telecommunication do you know?

2. Why do we try to develop all types of telecommunica­tion?

3. Can we connect to the Internet using our cell phone to­day?

4. What was invented late in the nineteenth century?

5. What technology made a great contribution to a long- range communication?

6. Was there wireless telegraphy as a means of regular com­munication before the outbreak of the First World War?

7. What new telecommunication services do you know?

VOCABULARY:

telecommunication — телекоммуникация, дальняя связь; телефон, телеграф, радио

to develop — развивать, совершенствовать

to deny — отрицать, отказываться от

cell phone — мобильный телефон

exchange — обмен

permanent — постоянный

tool — инструмент

effectively — эффективно

to consider — считать, полагать

operator — оператор

to provide — обеспечивать, снабжать

network — сеть, система

subscriber — подписчик, клиент

to receive — получать, принимать, воспринимать

facility — рl. оборудование, аппаратура, приспособления

to augment — увеличивать, прибавлять

invention — изобретение

to expand — расширять, увеличивать

installation — установка, размещение

to extend — распространять, расширять

to grow (past grew, p.p. grown) — расти, увеличивать

gradually — постепенно, понемногу

to compete — конкурировать, соревноваться

contribution — содействие, вклад

wireless — беспроволочный, дистанционный

outbreak — зд. внезапное начало

to establish — основывать, создавать

valuable — ценный, полезный

supplement — дополнение, добавление

immediate — внезапный, безотлагательный, немедленный

influence — воздействие, влияние

to broadcast (past broadcast, p.p. broadcast) — передавать в эфире, вещать

interval — промежуток, интервал

infrastructure — инфраструктура

electricity — электричество

microwave — микроволновый

transmitter — предатчик

boon — благо, дар; перимущество, удобство

remote — отдаленный, далекий

benefits — услуги, выгоды, привилегии

terrestrial — земной, наземный